Decoding TrustPad’s $155k Exploit

Abstract:

On the seventh of November 2023, Stars Enviornment on the BNB Chain was attacked. The assault was made doable on account of a logical flaw within the staking contract. Round $151k price of tokens have been stolen by the attacker.

About Venture:

Stars Enviornment is a Social Token Platform on Avalanche Chain. For extra info, take a look at their website.

Vulnerability Evaluation & Influence:

On-Chain Particulars:

Attacker Tackle:   0x1a7b15354e2f6564fcf6960c79542de251ce0dc9

Sufferer Contract: 0x1694d7fabf3b28f11d65deeb9f60810daa26909a

The Root Trigger: 

• The basis explanation for the exploit was a logic flaw in TrustPad’s Staking Contract
• The receiveUpPool() perform was answerable for accepting the upPool request from one other pool and strikes the required quantity of tokens from the consumer after which re-locks, after which change the lock time interval to now. Right here, upPool means shifting the tokens to a different pool.

• Discover how msg.sender just isn’t verified within the above contract. This allowed attacker to repeatedly name receiveUpPool() and withdraw()  

• Consequently, the attacker acquires the aptitude to instantly withdraw all staked funds and increase the pending reward standing by way of the execution of the withdraw() perform.
• Following the repetition of those actions, the attacker employs the stakePendingRewards() perform to maneuver all pending rewards into the staked quantity state, enabling them to withdraw these rewards as revenue later utilizing the withdraw() perform.

Assault Course of:

• First, the attacker deposit TPAD token into LaunchpadLockableStaking contract with the assistance of receiveUpPool() perform.

• Then the attacker repeatedly name stakePendingRewards() and withdraw perform to extend the influence of the assault.

• Lastly, the attacker was in a position to withdraw all of the funds.

Move of Funds: 

Right here is the fund stream throughout and after the exploit. You possibly can see extra particulars here.

Quickly after the hack, the attacker began to switch funds to Twister Money. See here.

After the Exploit

• The Venture acknowledged the hack by way of their Twitter.

Incident Timelines

Nov-06-2023 04:02:52 PM +UTC – The attacker began the attack after making a malicious contract.

Nov-07-2023 01:56:56 AM +UTC – The attacker repeatedly referred to as weak perform. This was the final transaction noticed

Nov-07-2023 12:32:42 PM +UTC – The attacker began depositing funds to Twister Money.

Worth Influence

The worth of the TPAD token dropped from $0.120  to $0.0016 instantly following the assault. It’s at the moment buying and selling at $0.0011 as of the time of penning this weblog. See here.

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How might they’ve prevented the Exploit?

Inadequate enter validation and logical flaws have been the goal of hackers for a really very long time. 

It is suggested for protocols to prioritize testing and fuzzing to make sure all the sting instances have been efficiently mitigated.

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